Negotiators face huge task to close gaps in rival Iran peace proposals
Peace Talks Intensify Amid Urgent Deadline and Divergent Proposals
As the clock ticks down toward a critical deadline, US President Donald Trump declared a two-week ceasefire to pause hostilities. This decision comes amid a significant threat targeting Iran’s infrastructure, with the potential to erase its “civilisation” entirely. The upcoming discussions, set to take place in Islamabad, will involve American and Iranian representatives, possibly beginning as early as Friday.
Proposals Remain in Flux, Creating Uncertainty
Despite reported leaks, the specifics of both parties’ plans are still unclear. Iran submitted a 10-point proposal to the US, which Trump described as a “workable basis for negotiation” on Truth Social. Conversely, the US has outlined a 15-point framework, potentially ending the conflict. However, neither proposal has been officially shared, leaving room for differing interpretations.
“The details are still murky,” noted Anwar Gargash, a senior advisor to the UAE president. “There are multiple statements from Iran, Washington, and the Pakistani mediator. Reconciling these will be essential to chart a clear path forward.”
Key Disputes: Nuclear Ambitions and Missile Programs
The conflict’s core revolves around Iran’s nuclear capabilities. Trump’s administration has long cited Iran’s nuclear ambitions as the main reason for military action, even as Tehran denies these claims. The current war has reportedly dealt a blow to Iran’s nuclear infrastructure, with estimates suggesting 440kg of highly enriched uranium is now buried under rubble at the Nuclear Technology/Research Centre in Isfahan.
“Their ‘dust’ is deeply buried and under constant surveillance,” stated US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth. “Iran will never possess a nuclear weapon or the means to build one.”
Iran insists any agreement must acknowledge its right to enrich uranium for civilian purposes, as outlined by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The US, however, demands the dismantling of major nuclear facilities, an end to uranium enrichment within the country, and the removal of existing stockpiles. While Trump’s plan is explicit, Hegseth’s phrasing appears more cautious, emphasizing Iran’s inability to develop nuclear capabilities.
Missile Threat and Strategic Gains
A major sticking point is Iran’s ballistic missile program, which the US views as a key component of its military strategy. Trump’s 15-point proposal calls for suspending missile development and halting drone transfers to regional allies. The Pentagon claims 80% of Iran’s missile facilities, along with 90% of its weapons factories, have been destroyed. US Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen Dan Caine added that 80% of Iran’s air defence systems are also out of commission.
Despite these setbacks, Iran has not yet agreed to limits on its missile programme. The situation has shifted, and it remains uncertain whether Tehran will accept restrictions on its military capabilities as part of a lasting deal.
Meanwhile, Iran’s recent willingness to open the Strait of Hormuz signals a possible easing of economic pressures on global trade. This strategic waterway, crucial for oil shipments, has been a focal point of tension. The move suggests Iran may be prioritizing diplomatic stability over continued disruption.
